There are a lot of good reasons to make donations to charity, but most boil down to one simple fact: Giving feels good. It’s no surprise, then, that many Americans give money or property to organizations they care about. In fact, some give quite a bit.
Cross your t’s and dot your i’s
Whether you’re a minor donor or a philanthropist, you probably give because you want to help. Still, taking maximum advantage of tax breaks for your charitable efforts can make a difference to your bottom line—and involves following some fairly straightforward rules for deducting your donations:
- Above the line deduction for 2020 and 2021 only. In 2020, you can deduct up to $300 of qualified charitable cash contributions per tax return as an adjustment to adjusted gross income without itemizing your deductions. In 2021, this amount stays at $300 for many filers but increases to $600 for married filing joint tax returns.
- Itemize deductions. To claim qualified charitable donations that don’t meet the requirements mentioned above, you need to itemize deductions on Schedule A.
- Before making this move, be sure that itemizing will reduce your tax bill more than taking the Standard Deduction.
- Keep proof of your gift. If you gave cash, hold on to a bank statement, cancelled check or credit-card receipt showing the amount of the donation. For gifts of cash or property worth more than $250, also keep the written acknowledgement from the charity showing the date and value of the donation.
- Clothing or household items must be in good shape. Second-hand clothes and the like must be in at least “good used condition.” You can deduct only the value they would sell for in a thrift shop—not what you paid for them.
- Fill out form 8382 when you deduct gifts of items worth more than $500.
- Get an independent appraisal when giving valuable property. When you claim a donation of furniture, jewelry or other item worth more than $5,000, the IRS wants independent verification of its value.
Restrictions on deducting charitable donations
The IRS limits charitable deductions in certain circumstances, including:
- Gifts of financial assets held one year or less. You can deduct the amount you paid for a stock or other security, but can’t deduct any appreciation. In fact, you have to list the gain on your tax return.
- Donation for which you got something in return. Say you bought theater tickets at a charity auction. You can deduct only the amount you paid over the tickets’ face value.
- Gifts to non-qualified organizations. Some non-profits aren’t eligible to receive deductible contributions—for example, because they urge people to vote for a particular political candidate. IRS publication 78 lists the charities to which you can make deductible donations.
The gift makes up a large percentage of your income. Your deduction for charitable contributions is generally limited to 60% of your AGI. For tax years 2020 and 2021, you can deduct cash contributions in full up to 100% of your AGI to qualified charities. There are limits for non-cash contributions. These limits, including out-of-pocket expenses, are 50% to organizations such as churches, hospitals, certain U.S. based governments, and certain private foundations. A 30% limit applies to qualifying organizations that don’t meet the requirements of the 50% organizations. Certain other limitations apply for special circumstances as defined in IRS Publication 526 – Charitable Contributions. Donations in excess of these amounts can typically be carried forward to the next tax year, for a maximum of five years. - Gifts of vehicles. In many instances, you’ll get far less by donating your car than by selling or trading it in. The IRS allows you to deduct only the charity’s actual selling price, and requires you to include Form 8283 with your tax return if the value claimed for the donation is greater than $500. If the charity uses your car, rather than resells it, you are entitled to deduct the vehicle’s fair market value.
The IRS allows these deductions because they want to encourage charitable giving. Sticking to the guidelines described above will help you ensure that the goodness in your heart translates to goodness on your tax return as well. Source